The correct answer is D. The children giggled at the elephants sprouting plums of water through their trunks.
That is the only option that makes it absolutely clear which words the modifier really modifies (elephants). The A and C examples make it sound as if the children had trunks and sprouted plums of water through them. The B example makes it clear that it's the elephants that we're talking about, but it doesn't work well in terms of syntax. Only the last option is well structured and clear.
No, you don't have to capitalize it. If it is a beginning of a sentence then
The writer that greatly influenced Jane Austens's work was Samuel Johnson, which is known for his witty works. Like him, her novels are concerned with issues pertaining to morality. Also, Austen's work are known to make fun with cliches such as love at first sight, primacy of passion, etc.
Ignore the hatred man I feel u I'm going to middle school next year just be nice to the ones that are mean to you maybe they have a bad day ya know just make friends and know someone out there cares for u :)