The term “Secular” means being "separate" from religion (having no religious basis)
Secularism means separation of religion from political, economic, social and cultural aspects of life, religion being treated as a purely personal matter!
Marcine is highly educated, holds an important job, makes a lot of money, and enjoys the respect of almost everyone who knows her. Sociologists would describe her social position as <u>having high status consistency</u>.
Marcine's social position is based on social stratification. Systems of social stratification use variables like income, education, and occupation to define social status. Sociologists refer to the consistency—or lack thereof—of a person's ranking across various variables as status consistency. The more rigid class structure has lower status consistency, whereas caste systems have more status consistency.
A person can work hard, have little education, and still belong to the middle or top class in a class system but not in a caste one. Low status consistency in a class system is associated with having more options and opportunities. Systems of stratification can be open, which allows movement and interaction across strata, or closed, which permits little change in social standing. In a caste system, social standing is determined by birth or ascribed status. Class systems are open, and social position is influenced by achievement. Based on things like wealth, income, education, and occupation, people are categorised into classes. A meritocracy is a form of social stratification that awards status based on individual merit and recognises and rewards effort.
Learn more about 'social stratification' here:
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Answer:
an avoidance-avoidance
Explanation:
Avoidance-avoidance conflict: The term"avoidance-avoidance conflict" refers to the tendency of an individual to make a particular decision by choosing between two equally or similar undesirable choices.
Example of avoidance-avoidance conflict: A boy encountering avoidance-avoidance conflict would be involved in the procedure of choosing between one of the two tasks i.e, either to do his school assignment or to do any household work.
In the question above, the statement signifies the avoidance-avoidance conflict.
Answer:
level of innovation in a firm.
Explanation:
Patents are a result of innovations. The higher the number of patents a firm has is a pointer that the firm is very innovative.
