Answer:
In the early nineteenth century, political participation rose as states extended voting rights to all adult white men. During the 1820s, the Second Party system formed in the United States, pitting Jacksonian Democrats against Whigs.
Protect and provide
The concept of government as provider comes next: government as provider of goods and services that individuals cannot provide individually for themselves. Government in this conception is the solution to collective action problems, the medium through which citizens create public goods that benefit everyone, but that are also subject to free-rider problems without some collective compulsion.
The basic economic infrastructure of human connectivity falls into this category: the means of physical travel, such as roads, bridges and ports of all kinds, and increasingly the means of virtual travel, such as broadband. All of this infrastructure can be, and typically initially is, provided by private entrepreneurs who see an opportunity to build a road, say, and charge users a toll, but the capital necessary is so great and the public benefit so obvious that ultimately the government takes over.
A more expansive concept of government as provider is the social welfare state: government can cushion the inability of citizens to provide for themselves, particularly in the vulnerable conditions of youth, old age, sickness, disability and unemployment due to economic forces beyond their control. As the welfare state has evolved, its critics have come to see it more as a protector from the harsh results of capitalism, or perhaps as a means of protecting the wealthy from the political rage of the dispossessed. At its best, however, it is providing an infrastructure of care to enable citizens to flourish socially and economically in the same way that an infrastructure of competition does. It provides a social security that enables citizens to create their own economic security.
The future of government builds on these foundations of protecting and providing. Government will continue to protect citizens from violence and from the worst vicissitudes of life. Government will continue to provide public goods, at a level necessary to ensure a globally competitive economy and a well-functioning society. But wherever possible, government should invest in citizen capabilities to enable them to provide for themselves in rapidly and continually changing circumstances.
Not surprisingly, this vision of government as investor comes from a deeply entrepreneurial culture. Technology reporter Gregory Ferenstein has polled leading silicon Valley entrepreneurs and concludedthat they “want the government to be an investor in citizens, rather than as a protector from capitalism. They want the government to heavily fund education, encourage more active citizenship, pursue binding international trade alliances and open borders to all immigrants.” In the words of Alphabet Chairman Eric Schmidt: “The combination of innovation, empowerment and creativity will be our solution.”
This celebration of human capacity is a welcome antidote to widespread pessimism about the capacity of government to meet current national and global economic, security, demographic and environmental challenges. Put into practice, however, government as investor will mean more than simply funding schools and opening borders. If government is to assume that in the main citizens can solve themselves more efficiently and effectively than government can provide for them, it will have to invest not only in the cultivation of citizen capabilities, but also in the provision of the resources and infrastructure to allow citizens to succeed at scale
2 of the main characteristics of the sociological perspective are:
- In studying human society, sociologists try to see how particular facts may be the basis of general patterns.
- Sociologists go beyond viewing the obvious and being satisfied with it as this helps them better understand human behavior and interaction.
The benefits of studying sociology or taking the sociological perspective are:
- You get to understand the reasons for social differences, including differences in social behavior.
- Reasons for the differentials in group opportunities and outcomes.
- The relevance of social hierarchies and social power in everyday life.
<h3>What is Sociology?</h3>
This refers to the systematic study of society and the social activity of human beings and their interaction with each other.
Hence, we can see that The benefits of studying sociology or taking the sociological perspective are:
- You get to understand the reasons for social differences, including differences in social behavior.
- Reasons for the differentials in group opportunities and outcomes.
- The relevance of social hierarchies and social power in everyday life.
Read more about sociology here:
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The correct answer is the clash of European powers in controlling Africa
The 1898 Fashoda Incident was one of the crucial conflicts for Europe to consolidate its possessions on the African continent.
It took the United Kingdom and France to the brink of war but culminated in a great strategic victory for the first, and laid the groundwork for the 1904 "Entente cordiale" among rival nations.
The conflict arose out of some battles over control of certain regions on the Nile, due to the expansion of the United Kingdom to Sudan.
The French advance into the interior of Africa came from West Africa towards the east, through the Sahel, bordering the south of the Sahara, a territory that currently encompasses Senegal, Mali, Niger and Chad.
Its main objective was to obtain an uninterrupted link between the Niger River and the Nile, in order to control all trade in the Sahel region, due to the existing control over the caravan paths that crossed the Sahara.
21 months old they will say their first two word sentences .
