Answer:
Linnaeus primarily used physical characteristics.
Explanation:
Convergent evolution explains that non-related species can develop similar traits due to adaptations that happened while living in similar ecosystems. For example sharks which are a type of fish have similar body plans to dolphins, a type of mammal.
Answer:
Explanation:
When you exhale, the diaphragm relaxes and the air is pushed out of lungs. It also has some nonrespiratory functions as well. The diaphragm increases abdominal pressure to help the body get rid of vomit, urine, and feces. It also places pressure on the esophagus to prevent acid reflux.
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The Avery–MacLeod–McCarty experiment<span> was an experimental demonstration, reported in 1944 by </span>Oswald Avery<span>, </span>Colin MacLeod<span>, and </span>Maclyn McCarty<span>, that </span>DNA<span> is the substance that causes </span>bacterial transformation<span>, in an era when it had been widely believed that it was </span>proteins<span> that served the function of carrying genetic information (with the very word </span>protein<span> itself coined to indicate a belief that its function was </span>primary<span>).
It was the culmination of research in the 1930s and early 20th Century at the </span>Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research<span> to purify and characterize the "transforming principle" responsible for the transformation phenomenon first described in </span>Griffith's experiment<span> of 1928: killed </span>Streptococcus pneumoniae<span> of the </span>virulent<span> strain type III-S, when injected along with living but non-virulent type II-R pneumococci, resulted in a deadly infection of type III-S pneumococci.
In their paper "</span>Studies on the Chemical Nature of the Substance Inducing Transformation of Pneumococcal Types: Induction of Transformation by a Desoxyribonucleic Acid Fraction Isolated from Pneumococcus Type III<span>", published in the February 1944 issue of the </span>Journal of Experimental Medicine<span>, Avery and his colleagues suggest that DNA, rather than protein as widely believed at the time, may be the hereditary material of bacteria, and could be analogous to </span>genes<span> and/or </span>viruses<span> in higher organisms.</span>
Regenerative cells are specific types of cells that can be activated in order to restore organs and tissues back to a pre-existing normal state.
- Stem cells are specific cells capable of generating new specialized types of cells, thereby allowing the regeneration of damaged tissues.
- For example, hematopoietic stem cells can be used to generate new red blood cells whose function is to transport oxygen in the bloodstream.
- Regenerative cells can be used in tissue engineering in order to restore the function and structure of damaged organs.
In conclusion, regenerative cells are specific types of cells that can be activated in order to restore organs and tissues back to a pre-existing normal state.
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