Richter's original magnitude scale (ML) was extended to observations of earthquakes of any distance and of focal depths ranging between 0 and 700 km. Because earthquakes excite both body waves, which travel into and through the Earth, and surface waves, which are constrained to follow the natural waveguide of the Earth's uppermost layers, two magnitude scales evolved - the MB and MS scales.
The standard body-wave magnitude formula is
MB = log10(A/T) + Q(D,h) ,
where A is the amplitude of ground motion (in microns); T is the corresponding period (in seconds); and Q(D,h) is a correction factor that is a function of distance, D (degrees), between epicenter and station and focal depth, h (in kilometers), of the earthquake. The standard surface-wave formula is
MS = log10 (A/T) + 1.66 log10 (D) + 3.30 .
There are many variations of these formulas that take into account effects of specific geographic regions so that the final computed magnitude is reasonably consistent with Richter's original definition of ML. Negative magnitude values are permissible.
Answer:
A. All lipids are insoluble in water.
Explanation:
Macro molecules are also called polymers, which are formed as a result of polymerization of molecules such as carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
There are four types of macro molecules in the mammalian system which are
- lipids
- nucleic acid
- protein
- carbohydrates
Lipids are macro molecules that do not dissolve in water i.e. they are hydrophobic. they help in the formation of cell membranes and hormones in the body.
The fertilized egg implants within the walls of the uterus. As the fetus develops, the uterus expands to accommodate the growth and development.
