Answer: B. Russia’s location and climate
Napoleon’s Grande Armée did not expect the cold climate in Russia to be so brutal. The French soldiers were also starving because the routes to supply were too long and difficult. Napoleon thought initially that he would quickly destroy the Russian army , but these constantly slipped away so the French army had to catch up with them in that vast and outstretched land.
Answer:
Britain had an elite society that welcomed industrialization while Russia did not.
Explanation:
British elites were open to the idea of investing into railways and factories. Politically, the British also had a parliament that allowed some form of representation in the government. There was also no more serfdom at the time of industrialization in the early 1800s. On the other hand, Russian elites were very opposed to investing or industrialization as this could threaten their wealth that they already accumulated. Serfdom was still legal in Russia until March 3 1861 when Alexander II abolished it, which meant that many peasants were tied to the land and could not migrate to urban areas. Furthermore, Russia was fully autocratic unlike Britian and only saw the implementation of a parliament in 1905. All of this meant that Britain's industrialization was very quick and significantly earlier than Russia's.
