Answer:
Explanation:
Vesicles have multiple functions, and they primarily store, transport, or digest cellular products and cellular waste. Because they are separated from the cytosol of cells, their internal environment is completely different from that of cells. For this reason, vesicles can digest cell machinery and recover cellular material. In order to transport substances into or out of cells, vesicles fuse with cell membranes and release or absorb inclusions from outside the cells. There are four main types of vesicles. The vacuoles are vesicles that mainly contain water. They are present in plant cells. They transport water into and out of the cell. Lysosomes are vesicles found in eukaryotic cells. They are involved in cell digestion. It can also be used to recover damaged organelles, which work primarily with the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. They transfer molecules such as proteins and fats between the two organelles, which are the fourth major type of vesicles that contain substances that need to be excreted from cells, most commonly they contain waste.
<em>The well-defined risk factors for AD include inflammation, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial damage, genetic factors, cerebrovascular disease, brain trauma, and age-related sex hormone loss in men and women, and all of these risk factors can be targets for the development of new drugs for AD.
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<em>In Alzheimacy, we classify the drugs or targets for Alzheimer’s treatment according to the currently known neuropathologic features of AD. Signature neuropathological changes in AD include acetylcholine deficiency, glutamate excitotoxicity, amyloid plaques, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles formed by tau-protein precipitates, as well as massive loss of neurons.</em>
<em>https://www.creativebiomart.net/alzheimacy/therapeutics/chemical-drug/</em>
<h2>Answer:</h2>
Soil bacteria are mainly involved in four steps in nitrogen cycle.
- Nitrogen fixation
- Nitrification
- Ammonification
- Denitrification
<h3>Explanation:</h3>
- First of all atmospheric nitrogen is fixed by soil bacteria (N2 to NH3/ NH4+, NO3-)
- Nitrification: The conversion of ammonium to nitrate is performed primarily by soil-living bacteria and other nitrifying bacteria (NH3 to NO3-)
- When a plant or animal dies or an animal expels waste, the initial form of nitrogen is organic. Bacteria or fungi convert the organic nitrogen within the remains back into ammonium (NH+4), a process called ammonification.
- Denitrification is the reduction of nitrates back into nitrogen gas (N2), completing the nitrogen cycle. This process is performed by bacterial species such as Pseudomonas and Clostridium in anaerobic conditions.
Answer:
Rhizome
Explanation:
Rhizomes are stems that are grown underground
Capable of asexual reproduction (producing an organism identical to the parent)
also produces food (many used in cooking like tumeric and ginger)
Answer: D. Surgical removal of a gland.
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Answer:
True
Explanation:
They become host for the virus to move and spread
