Answer:
1) Vision- Occipital Lobe
2) Plays a role in the maintenance of consciousness- Thalamus
3) Helps body move more slowly- Cerebellum
4) Sense of touch and vibration- Parietal Lobe
5) Auditory processing and word meaning- Temporal Lobe
6) Largest part of the brain consists of right and left half- Cerebrum
7) Membranes that surround and protect brain and spinal cord- Meninges
8) Reasoning and judgement- Frontal Lobe
9) Controls movement of the eye and helps in auditory and visual processing- Midbrain
10) Passes signals from the spinal cord to the brain and controls breathing- Pons
11) Regulates eating and drinking and body temperature- Hypothalamus
12) Controls basic life functions like heart rate- Medulla
Explanation:
The brain, main organ of the central nervous system is made up of fat, and weighs about 3 pounds. The brain controls and regulates the various functions of our body. It is composed of gray matter, which collects and transmits signals, and white matter, which contains dendrites and axons that the neurons use to transmit signals.
The nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are protected by an insulating layer of fatty tissue called myelin. The myelin sheath helps in the quick and efficient transmission of signals along the nerve cells. The membrane that surround and protect brain and spinal cord is called meninges
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The cerebrum (the largest part of the brain), cerebellum, and brainstem are the main parts of the brain. The cerebrum is parted into right and left hemispheres and consists of four lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes. The frontal lobe controls attention, behavior, reasoning and judgement. The parietal lobe processes sensory information like sense of touch and vibration. The temporal lobe controls auditory processing and word meaning, language and speech. The occipital lobe controls vision, and helps in visual-spatial processing and color recognition.
The cerebellum (back of the brain) has major role in motor control, and also maintains posture, balance, and equilibrium. The thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus and the subthalamus are also the parts of forebrain. The thalamus plays an important role in the maintenance of consciousness, sleep and alertness. The hypothalamus regulates appetite (eating and drinking), body temperature and homeostasis. The middle of brain known as brainstem consists of midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata. The midbrain controls movement of the eye and helps in auditory and visual processing. The pons passes signals from the spinal cord to the brain and controls breathing. The medulla oblongata controls basic life functions like heart rate, breathing, blood pressure etc. The brain is immersed in cerebrospinal fluid and is protected by the skull.
