The sun is in the highest point in the sky. The northern end of Earths axis is tilted toward the sun. The Northern hemisphere receives minimal daylight.
Longitude is the measurement east or west of the prime meridian. (Imaginary lines that run around the Earth vertically. up/down.)
The Ming emperors made it their capital in 1421 and it remained China's capital till 1912 when the Manchu Empire fell and SunYat Sen turned China into a republic.
