The concept of continuity relates to historical developments and processes because historians can link the happenings in the past to recent occurrences.
- The concept of continuity simply explains the continuation of a cycle and it shows the connection that exists between historical events.
- Changes take place at different times which are then linked forward and backward in time. Continuity refers to the continuance of themes.
- The concept of continuity is vital as historians are able to link what has occurred earlier to the recent things that are happening. For example, Islam had an influence on African culture and its development.
In conclusion, continuity is important to historians.
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Answer:
a.)
Operant conditioning -
It is a type of learning in which a person learns from consequences ( which may be positive or negative ) that follows person's behavior.
The procedures which encourage the person to do the things the same way he/ she used to do are called reinforcement,
The procedures which discourage the person to do the things the same way he/ she used to do are called punishment.
b.)
Strategies Jim and Kelly could use to encourage or discourage Ryan's behaviors :
Positive Reinforcement -
If Ryan eats without dropping off his food from the plate , it will be encouraging for him if Jim and Kelly appreciate him or buy gifts for him.
Negative Reinforcement -
If Ryan eats without dropping off his food from the plate , it will be encouraging for him if Jim and Kelly should avoid that behavior due to which Ryan is not learning the table manners.
For example - The scolding of Jim or Kelly when Ryan's is dropping off the food on the floor.
Positive Punishments -
If Ryan eats with dropping off his food from the plate , it will be encouraging for him if Jim and Kelly will add some consequences which Ryan will hate.
For example - If Ryan is eating with dropping off the food and Jim or Kelly yells at Ryan for his bad behavior.
Negative Punishments -
If Ryan eats with dropping off his food from the plate , it will be discouraging for him if Jim and Kelly removing any good thing in which Ryan is comfortable.
For example - Ryan's watching TV time reduced or taken away his toys.
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One of the several important similarities between early societies in Americas and North Africa is they both practiced polytheism.
Parents practicing authority over children
