The linear equation can be written in the form y = mx + b. "y" and "x" stay as they are. The "m" is the slope or rate of change. The b is the y-intercept.
The problem is asking us to find how many days food would last. Since the food shelter uses 1 3/5 each day, the 12 bags of food would be split into 1 3/5 they use each day.