I’m assuming you’re talking about the Spaniards and the Aztecs. If not correct me and I’ll fix the answer. Basically it was, Disease (smallpox) More advanced weapons. The spanish language. Catholicism. Domestic animals, sugar, grain, and they helped end the practice of human sacrifice.
I wouldnt go by my answer but I believe it's number 4
Japan remained neutral, fearing reprisals from more advanced militaries. Japan was colonized by the United States and forced to modernize. Following the model of Western imperialism, Japan expanded its empire. Japan opposed imperialism and fought for Asian sovereignty.
Answer:
A) adaptation of laws to reflect changes in society.
The close ties between the church and the state in Massachusetts did not help the government, but rather hurt the government. Although the Church and the government had close ties with each other but still it was not right for the church to have a say in the government. Church would always want the members of their religion in the government and that would have a negative impact on the government and people as a whole. General people’s ideas would not find importance if the government was controlled by the church.