I think the answer is D, all of the above :)
B. why our city needs more carpool lanes, because that topic doesn't have much evidence/facts/info to back it up as the other ones.
Answer:
(D) What people with Tourette's syndrome do
Explanation:
"Jaylen has Tourette syndrome.
That’s a condition that causes a person to make involuntary noises and movements"
Answer:
The answer is option C.
Taney's claim in the passage that African American people were not part of the group considered citizens by the Constitution
Explanation: In the passage Justice Taney claimed that the meaning of citizen according to the constitution does not consider the African American people as a part of citizens. Because even after emancipation there are race inferior activities. The African American people are not enjoying the rights according to the constitution. Still they are the subject to the authority.
Most often, it is deciphered through A) context clues. Some people, however, choose to decipher them through B) pronoun references. Just to be on the safe side, I'd choose A) context clues because most often, the words that are being deciphered are they themselves the pronoun.