I believe postulates are given or assumed true statements without a proof. And a theorem can be proven. You do this in geometry if I remember correctly.
The Marines Creed is an Rifleman's Creed which is the basic part of the United States Marine Corps.
The correct answer is C: for the Muslim merchants and visitors. Originally, there were 12 mosques in the Empire's capital, for the visiting Muslim officials and for the Muslin population of the city, mostly merchants.