Answer:
To summarize what we know to this point, the cellular process of transcription generates messenger RNA (mRNA), a mobile molecular copy of one or more genes with an alphabet of A, C, G, and uracil (U). Translation of the mRNA template converts nucleotide-based genetic information into a protein product. Protein sequences consist of 20 commonly occurring amino acids; therefore, it can be said that the protein alphabet consists of 20 letters. Each amino acid is defined by a three-nucleotide sequence called the triplet codon
Answer:
A single gene on the Y chromosome plays a crucial role in the parental development of the testes.
Explanation:
Y chromosome is present only in males and this chromosomes is the distinguishing factor which separates males from females. It is the smallest chromosome but of utmost importance due to its sex determining feature. Up till now, studies show that Y chromosomes only carry limited amount of genes.
The Y chromosome, most importantly, comprises of the SRY gene. This is the gene responsible for determining the testis and for the development of the testis. The SRY gene is responsible for sex determination.
Answer:
C. NAD⁺
Step-by-step explanation:
NADH is oxidized to NAD⁺ in Complex I of the Electron Transport Chain.
NADH ⟶ NAD⁺ + H⁺ + 2e⁻
The electrons continue through the Electron Transport Chain, and the NAD⁺ is used in three places during the Krebs Cycle.
(a) Isocitrate to oxalosuccinate
Isocitrate + NAD⁺ ⟶ oxalosuccinate + NADH + H⁺
(b) α-Ketoglutarate to succinyl-CoA
α-ketoglutarate + NAD+ + CoA → succinyl CoA + CO₂ + NADH
(c) Malate to oxaloacetate
Malate + NAD⁺ ⟶ oxaloacetate + NADH + H⁺
The NADH produced by these three reactions can then be used by Complex I in the Electron Transport Chain.
Answer:
- 1/2 Aa Wx wx (colored seeds, normal starch)
- 1/2 aa Wx wx (colorless seed, normal starch).
Explanation:
- A (colored seed) is dominant over a (colorless)
- Wx (normal starch) is dominant over wx (waxy)
Both loci are independent.
A <em>Aa WxWx </em>individual was test crossed (crossed with a homozygous recessive <em>aa wxwx</em> individual).
- The homozygous recessive can only produce <em>a wx </em>gametes.
- The dihybrid individual can produce two types of gametes, all of them with the same frequency because the genes segregate independently: 1/2 <em>A Wx </em>and 1/2<em> a Wx </em>
<u>The possible offspring resulting from the combination of those gametes is:</u>
- 1/2 Aa Wx wx (colored seeds, normal starch)
- 1/2 aa Wx wx (colorless seed, normal starch).
