Ethics is important in philosophy because its teaches us the ought of an action. Ethical questions includes why should the good be done instead of its opposite.
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Answer: option (D). Ex post facto
Explanation: An ex facto is a law that declares someone’s action to be criminal only after it was committed, ex post facto law is considered a hallmark of tyranny because it deprives people of a sense of what behavior will or will not be punished and allows for random punishment at the whim of those in power. It is most typically used to refer to a criminal statute that punishes actions retroactively, it thereby criminalize an action conduct that was legal when it was originally performed. It is a law that criminalizes a conduct that was not criminal when performed, it is used to increase punishment for crimes already committed
The answer is B, He established an imperial government in place of the Roman Republic. :)
D. a single individual or small group exercise control over government