Question

Interneuronal communication occurs via _______________ messengers that are released from the presynaptic neuron. These are called _____________ and they act by binding to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. This binding opens ____________ channels, which can either hyperpolarize or depolarize the postsynaptic neuron membrane. This action is kept relatively short by either the decomposition or the ______________ of neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft.

Answer 1

Answer:

Interneuronal communication occurs via chemical messengers that are released from the presynaptic neuron. These are called neurotransmitters and they act by binding to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. This binding opens Ion channels, which can either hyperpolarize or depolarize the postsynaptic neuron membrane. This action is kept relatively short by either the decomposition or the reuptake of neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft.

Explanation:

Neurons are communicated to each other by a process known as synapsis. Synapsis occurs when the presynaptic neuron sends a message to the postsynaptic neuron. Vesicles from the presynaptic membranes are sent carrying the chemical messenger in their interior. This messenger is called a neurotransmitter and is released by exocytose to the synaptic space.  Then the neurotransmitter goes forward to the postsynaptic membrane. When it reaches this last membrane, the neurotransmitter binds its receptor triggering an answer and opening ion channels. This binding produces depolarization of the cell called excitatory postsynaptic potential. If the signal molecule keeps being in the synaptic space, it keeps linking to its receptor and causing a postsynaptic answer. To stop this process, the neurotransmitter must be taken out from the synaptic space by enzymatic degradation/deactivation or Reuptake. There are receptors located in the presynaptic membrane that can capture de molecule to store it back in new vesicles, for posterior use.