Answer:
Step wise detailed solution is given in the attached diagram
Its called Commensalism – symbiotic
Answer:
The second gamble has the higher expected value. EV = 4
Explanation:
In betting, expected value can be defined as (Amount won per bet * probability of winning) – (Amount lost per bet * probability of losing)
For the first gamble:

For the second gamble:

This means that Cal is expected to earn $4 for each $20 waged on the second gamble while he is expected to break even in the first gamble.
Therefore, the second gamble has the higher expected value.
Answer:
The correct answer is option e.
Explanation:
Scholarships may or may not be taxable. Scholarships are generally tax-free when they are used to pay for tuition, books and other necessary equipment.
Here, Nicole is getting a scholarship of $52,000 for the year 2018.
She is spending $40,000 on tuition, $5,000 for books and $7,000 for room and board.
The total expenses are
=$(40,000+5,000)
=$45,000
So, out of $52,000 non taxable amount is $45,000.
Nicole will be taxed for $7,000 and will be exempted from tax for $45,000.