Answer:
0 represents ground level.
Step-by-step explanation:
0 on the number line represents ground level. Based on the photo, the 0 is in between the underground and the space above. The answer cannot be one of the negative numbers because those are all shown to be underground in the photo.
Answer:
a^2.
Step-by-step explanation:
The greatest common factor is a^2. It cannot be 3ab or 3a^2b because b is not present in the last term (a^2). Similarly there is no 3 or multiple of 3 in a^2.
From the question we are told that:

Year 1= \$110
Year 2 = \$121
Risk free rate is 
Risk premium 

a)
Generally, the equation for Equity Return is mathematically given by



Therefore Present Value (PV) is

b)
Generally, the equation for certainty-equivalent cash flow is mathematically given by

Therefore
For Certainty-equivalent cash flow Year One


For Certainty-equivalent cash flow Year Two


c)
The Ratio of the certainty-equivalent cash flows to the expected cash flows in years 1 and 2 could be written as

or

Answer:
B
Step-by-step explanation:
I did That before
Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
A= 1 * 1 = 2
A2 = 1 * (1 * 1)
A2 = 1 * 1
A2 = 1
a3 = 1 * 1 * (1 * 1)
a3 = 1 *1 * 1
a3 = 1 * (1*1)
a3 = 1* 1
a3 = 1
You keep on going in this manner until you hit 1^65 = 1
The only thing you have to accept is that (1 * 1) = 1