Answer: b. The instrument is correlated with x1.
d. The instrument does not directly influence y, except through x1.
Explanation:
Based on the information given in the question, the necessary characteristics of a suitable instrument include:
• The instrument is correlated with x1.
• The instrument does not directly influence y, except through x1.
Some of the criteria for an instrument variable are the fact that it should have a causal effect on independent variable and also the dependent variable isn't directly affected except through the independent variable which is x1 in this scenario.
Therefore, the correct option are B and D.
Answer:
ltem of important must be shown separately
what is that GAAP
Answer:
The question is incomplete since we are not told if the capital gain is a short or long term gain. So I will answer the question in both possible scenarios.
Short term capital gains:
They are taxed as ordinary income, so the net gain = $35,000 - $7,000 = $28,000
Net gain after taxes = $28,000 x (1 - 53.31%) = $13,073.20
Long term capital gains:
They are taxed at a much lower rate that ranges from 0 to 20%. In this case, Christopher is probably taxed at 20%.
Net gain after taxes = $28,000 x (1 - 20%) = $22,400
Explanation:
Keynes would predict that aggregate income would decline, but rise in the future, if the additional savings were not translated into investment.
According to the Keynesian model. the government puts price controls on the economy, keeping the price level fixed.
Answer:
B. Weighted average cost of capital
Explanation:
The Weighted average cost of capital is abbreviated as the WACC. It is the weighted average of cost of common equity, cost of preferred equity and aftertax cost of debt. For a company to have a breakeven in returns, they need to earn a minimum rate of return on its assets which is equivalent to the weighted average cost of capital(WACC) making choice B correct.
