Answer:
The correct answer is - e. many different molecules form a signaling cascade.
Explanation:
Signal transduction is the number of events that take place inside the body of a human from the external atmosphere to transmitting a chemical or physical signal through a number of molecular events of signaling cascade.
The transmission of the particular chemical or physical signal is caused a sequence of phosphorylation events inside the cell it involves specific protein receptors and different types of molecules.
Chondromalacia is the synonymous of the cartilage softening (chondro = cartilage, malacia = soft). It's a pathology of softening affecting the joints and more particularly those of the knee (kneecap and femur).
This anomaly can be observed in several circumstances:
• the first is that of direct trauma. It is the cartilaginous lesion occurring before the fracture (fissure) of the cartilage.
• the second is that of common osteoarthritis. It is highly likely that the first stage of osteoarthritis begins with edema (swelling of the cartilage or closed chondropathy) that makes the cartilage less resistant and more vulnerable; this soft cartilage can then crack on its surface (open chondropathy) and these cracks will be more difficult to heal.
Answer:
Crossing over occurs between prophase I and metaphase I and is the process where two homologous non-sister chromatids pair up with each other and exchange different segments of genetic material to form two recombinant chromosome sister chromatids.
Explanation:
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The answer will be A because mitosis usually separate the sister chromatids to sister chromosomes to form two diploid cells. In meiosis, the goal is to have four haploid cells. To form that, cells need to undergo cell division two times. In the case of meiosis I, sister chromatids stay joined together until it reaches meiosis II. Then, the sister chromatids will separate starting at anaphase II in meiosis II. For example, if you start with 92 chromosomes (46 chromatids) during meiosis I, at meiosis II you will have two cells with 46 chromosomes (23 chromatids). By the end of meiosis II, you should form 4 haploid cells that contains 23 chromosomes.