I managed to find the complete exercise on the Internet, given that you haven't provided us with all options given to you.
1. cogitating = contemplating
To cogitate means to think about something (cogito in Latin literally means 'to think). Contemplating means to mull over a couple (or a lot) of options which is what Mr. Gamefield is doing in the excerpt above - he is thinking of ways to pay his rent.
2. cudgeling = beating
A cudgel is a short stick which you can use as a weapon. So if you cudgel something or someone, it means that you are beating them with a cudgel, because it is a thick stick, almost like a bat. So this person was metaphorically cudgeling his brain, but literally cudgeling his donkey.
3. regaled = rewarded
The verb to regale has two meanings - it can either mean 'to entertain someone,' or it can mean 'to supply someone with something.' Here, the latter meaning is used - the donkey thought he would be given a cabbage-stalk or two for his hard work.
Hate is a learned behavior by the bad and hateful emotions and feelings. There isn't really a such thing as unlearning, but you can erase hate by getting to know who or what you're hating and seeing if it's really worth the hatred. Usually not.
Climax is the turning point of a story
Answer:
What they don’t understand about birthdays and what
they never tell you is that when you’re eleven, you’re also ten,
and nine, and eight, and seven, and six, and five, and four, and
three, and two, and one. And when you wake up on your
eleventh birthday you expect to feel eleven, but you don’t. You
open your eyes and everything’s just like yesterday, only it’s
today. And you don’t feel eleven at all. You feel like you’re
still ten. And you are—underneath the year that makes you
eleven.
Explanation:
Its "<span>The cultural context of two texts can be compared and contrasted by asking questions about the values and customs of the day." hope this helps!</span>