Question

Cells are open systems that exchange matter and energy with their surroundings. Which of the following best explains why plant cells require sunlight to make organic compounds, according to Gibbs’s theory of free energy? The energy input required for making organic compounds equals the usable energy output of respiration. The energy required from sunlight to start photosynthesis is less than the energy needed from another energy source. The energy required to make organic compounds is always greater than the potential energy stored in these compounds. The energy that a plant absorbs from sunlight is spontaneously transformed into chemical energy because the outputs are more stable.

Answer 1

Answer:

The energy input required for making organic compounds equals the usable energy output of respiration.

Explanation:

A reaction is endergonic (energy-consuming) process if the change in free energy is positive.

A positive change in free energy implies that energy is required to enter into the system. Let us recall that free energy is a state function. Hence, change free energy =free energy of products - free energy of reactants.

If free energy of products > free energy of reactants then the reaction is an endergonic (energy-consuming) process..

But The energy input required for making organic compounds equals the usable energy output of respiration, hence making the process spontaneous.