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Answer:
1. Ser and Gln are polar amino acids.
2. The Leu side chain does not form hydrogen bonds with other amino acids.
3. Phe can undergo oxidation to form Tyr.
4. Lysine has one stereocenter (chiral center).
Explanation:
Serine and glutamine are the polar amino acids with uncharged side group. Serine has a "CH2OH" group as its side chain and the presence of hydroxyl group makes it a polar amino acid. Glutamine is one of the amides derived from other amino acids present in proteins.
Leucine is a nonpolar amino acid with an aliphatic side chain and tends to cluster within the proteins to stay away from the surrounding watery medium. Its aliphatic R group does not form any hydrogen bonds to other amino acids.
Phenylalanine is a nonpolar amino acid with an aromatic R group. Oxidation of aromatic R group of phenylalanine converts it into tyrosine which has an additional hydroxyl group in its side chain.
The chiral center is the carbon to which four different functional groups are bonded. The central alpha carbon atom of lysine is bonded to an amino group, carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and one positively charged R group which in turn makes it a chiral center.
Answer:
A punnet square can be described as a diagram which depicts the outcomes of the genotype and phenotype of offsprings from a cross between parents. A cross in which a single trait is being considered is a monohybrid cross. A cross in which two traits are being studied is considered as a dihybrid cross.
The punnet square for such a cross can be made as follows:
RY RY rY rY
RY RRYY RRYY RrYY RrYy
RY RRYY RRYY RrYY RrYY
Ry RRYy RRYy RrYy RrYy
Ry RRYy RRYy RrYy RrYy
Answer:
Crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis before tetrads are aligned along the equator in metaphase I.
Explanation:
When chromatids "cross over," homologous chromosomes trade pieces of genetic material, resulting in novel combinations of alleles, though the same genes are still present. Crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis before tetrads are aligned along the equator in metaphase I.
