African Americans.
Many former slaves.
Answer:
Believing that God had chosen him as his messenger Muhammad began to preach what God had revealed to him. The simple and clear-cut message of Islam, that there is no God but Allah, and that life should be lived in complete submission to the will of Allah, was attractive to many people, and they flocked to hear it.
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All able Muslims must make a pilgrimage (hajj) to Mecca at least once in their lifetimes.
The Arab traders who traded in Africa were responsible for bring Islam to Africa
The Catholic Church strongly opposed the spreading of the heliocentric theory because it meant that the holy book of Christianity, the Bible, was wrong, and that what they were propagating for centuries that the Earth was the center of the universe and that everything circles around our planet was a lie. This was going to make a big damage on the credibility of the church and the skepticism towards it would have grown more and more. The church, considering it had the power, was using all measures possible to stop this, so lots of scientists found themselves imprisoned, hanged, burned alive, killed brutally...