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The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions were political statements drafted in 1798 and 1799, in which the Kentucky and Virginia legislatures took the position that the federal Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional. The Resolutions argued that the states had the right and the duty to declare unconstitutional any acts of Congress that were not authorized by the Constitution.
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In October 1813 Harrison defeated a joint English and Indian army at the Battle of the Thames.
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Answer and Explanation: Articles of Confederation was the very first written constitution of USA. This constitution was not seen with much validity on international stage. This constitution was fundamentally weak and no foreign power would take United States seriously. There were two reasons for this, primary reason was that during Revolutionary war United States borrowed a lot of money and was under enormous debts and was unable to pay that because no money was being generated. Other countries were unwilling to trade with USA because of the fear of losing their money and thus, USA could not generate enough money to pay debts and to regulate state affairs. Secondary reason was that USA's foreign policy was very fragile at that time, USA, a newly developed state, was not trusted by other states and no friendly ties were initiated by others instead USA was under threat of Britain's aggression. These were some of the reasons of why the foreign powers treated Articles of confederation with scorn.
Ladd-Franklin's mathematical interests ultimately led her to make important contributions to the field of psychology. In 1886, she became interested in the geometrical relationship between binocular vision and points in space and published a paper on this topic in the first volume of the American Journal of Psychology the following year. During the 1891-92 academic year, Ladd-Franklin took advantage of her husband's sabbatical leave from Johns Hopkins and traveled to Europe to conduct research in color vision in the laboratories of George Müller (1850-1934) in Göttingen, and Herman von Helmholtz (1821-1894) in Berlin, where she also attended lectures by Arthur König. In contrast to the prevailing three-color and opponent-color explanations of color vision, Ladd-Franklin developed an evolutionary theory that posited three stages in the development of color vision. Presenting her work at the International Congress of Psychology in London in 1892, she argued that black-white vision was the most primitive stage, since it occurs under the greatest variety of conditions, including under very low illumination and at the extreme edges of the visual field. The color white, she theorized, later became differentiated into blue and yellow, with yellow ultimately differentiated into red-green vision. Ladd-Franklin's theory was well-received and remained influential for some years, and its emphasis on evolution is still valid today.
