Answer:
Humoral immunity refers to the component of the adaptive immune response that is caused by B cells, antibodies, and type 2 helper T cells (Th2), as well as circulating mast cells and eosinophils to a lesser extent.
Answer:
The null hypothesis is incorrect.
Explanation:
The null hypothesis is incorrect because the average number of bacteria did not remain the same at the source and at the outlet. We know that bacteria reproduce in a very less time and they use reproduction methods such as binary and multiple fission so with the passage of time, the population of bacteria increases and did not remain the same at the source and at the outlet.
Option C I'd say.
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Algae: any of numerous groups of chlorophyll-containing, mainly aquatic eukaryotic organisms ranging from microscopic single-celled forms to multicellular forms 100 feet (30 meters) or more long, distinguished from plants by the absence of true roots, stems, and leaves and by a lack of nonreproductive cells in the reproductive structures: classified into the six phyla Euglenophyta, Crysophyta, Pyrrophyta, Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, and Rhodophyta.
Amboeda: any of a large genus (Amoeba) of naked rhizopod protozoans with lobed and never anastomosing pseudopodia, without permanent organelles or supporting structures, and of wide distribution in fresh and salt water and moist terrestrial environments
Asexual reproduction: reproduction (as cell division, spore formation, fission, or budding) without union of individuals or gametes
Cilia: minute short hairlike process often forming part of a fringe
Diatom: any of a class (Bacillariophyceae) of minute planktonic unicellular or colonial algae with silicified skeletons that form diatomaceous earth
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Answer:
The answer is B. Some organic molecules, including amino acids, could have been produced from chemical reactions on early Earth.
Explanation:
Miller-Urey Experiment:
The Miller-Urey experiment was an attempt to explain the origin of life on Earth. Miller-Urey simulated the primordial soup i.e. the environment of primitive Earth to prove the spontaneous generation of organic molecules. The conditions they introduced included:
- A methane-ammonia-hydrogen and water mixture that exactly simulated the primordial soup.
- A spark of 70,000 volts that simulated lightening.
- A temperature of 800 degree Celsius.
Observations:
- After running for 18 days, the final solution was examined for presence of organic molecules.
- Miller-Urey observed that most of the methane and ammonia had been consumed and the mixture contained carbon monoxide and nitrogen.
- The solution further contained 25 amino acids (mainly, glycine, alanine and aspartic acid)
, several fatty acids
, hydroxy acids and amide products.
The experiment concluded that simple organic compounds such as amino acids could have been formed through spontaneous generation under the Earth's primitive environmental conditions.