There was no life on Earth for the first billion years because the atmosphere was not suitable for life. Earth's first atmosphere had lots of water vapor but had almost no oxygen. Later, frequent volcanic eruptions put several different gases into the air.
Some of the key terms in community ecology are Intraspecific Interaction, interspecific interaction, competitive exclusion, mutualism.
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What is community ecology?</h3>
- Community ecology aims to provide solutions to these and other community-related concerns.
- An ecological community is a collection of organisms that coexist or may coexist in a given area. Communities are connected by a shared environment and a web of relationships between the many species.
- An ever-expanding and comprehensive area of ecology is community ecology. Ecologists look at the variables that affect species distribution, community structure, and biodiversity. Interactions with the abiotic environment and the wide variety of interactions that take place between species are two examples of these elements.
- The foundation of the majority of community ecology study is species interactions, such as competition, predation, herbivory, parasitism, and mutualism.
To learn more about community ecology with the given link
brainly.com/question/12989124
#SPJ4
IPSPs are the result of:
a. decreasing membrane conductance to sodium
b. decreasing membrane conductance to potassium
c. inhibitory neurotransmitter entering the postsynaptic cell
d. neurotransmitter binding to ligand-gated ion channels that are chloride selective
Answer:
d. neurotransmitter binding to ligand-gated ion channels that are chloride selective
Explanation:
IPSP refers to inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP). It occurs when the neurotransmitters released from the axon terminals of the presynaptic neurons bind to and open the chloride ion channels. This allows the entry of chloride ions into the neuron making the inside of the membrane even more negative. This does not allow firing of the action potential. The postsynaptic neuron is said to be hyperpolarized. Therefore, IPSP results from hyperpolarization of postsynaptic neurons by the opening of ion channels such as chloride channels.
