A) Pressured German leaders to surrender.
Answer:
D. He gained control of Kiev.
Explanation:
After Rurik died, his relative Oleg of Novgorod, also known as Oleg Veshchy gained control of Kiev. The Kievan Rus was captured by Oleg and renamed Keiv. Oleg was able to seize power in Kiev from Askold in 882 and moved the capital from Novgorod to Kiev.
The correct answer is Germany.
During World War I, Germany attempted to send the Zimmerman Telegram to Mexico. In this telegram, the Germans asked Mexico to invade the United States. The Germans asked of this because they knew if the United States was fighting with Mexico, they would not get involved in World War I. This would increase the chances of German success in this war.
The Zimmerman Telegram, however, was intercepted by allied forces and given to the American government. After reading this telegram, the American government declared war on Germany, essentially having the exact opposite outcome that the Germans were hoping for.