During the 15th Century, Western Europe’s social class system comprised the
1. King: The king was the absolute head of the ruling system. The king was in charge of divide the land among the monarchy and the church. Also, he was the one that named lords and knights. Moreover, all the members of the kingdom had to pay the king for the right to use the land through money or goods.
2. Lords: This class was made of powerful landowners and the heads of the church. On the one hand, the king was in charge of providing financial aid to the members of this class. On the other hand, both lords and church members rewarded this help to the king by keeping the population under control and ensuring the loyalty towards him.
3. Knights: They were the last link in the chain of nobility. Basically, they were in charge of ensuring the land control of the lords and of providing military aid to the monarchy.
4. Bourgeoisie: During the 15th Century, a new social class appeared in Europe: the bourgeoisie. This class was neither part of the monarchy nor the church. In fact, the bourgeoisie comprised merchants and agricultural industrials.
5. Peasants: They were the last part of the social class system. Most of the peasants were farmers and worked on the lands that were the property of the king or the lords, for that reason they had to pay for the use of it. Therefore, they lived in extreme poverty.
Ang Cohesive devices o, Kohesyong gramatikal ay mga salitang panghalili sa pangngalan sa isang pangungusap. Mayroong dalawang uri ng Kohesyong Gramatikal, ito ay ang mga sumusunod:
Anapora - panghalili sa pangngalan na matatagpuan sa hulihan ng pangungusap.
Katapora - panghalili sa pangngalan na matatagpuan sa unahan ng pangungusap.
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Tatlong halimbawa ng Cohesive devices:
1) Ito
2) Dito
3) Siya
Mills vs. Board of Education was a lawsuit filed against the District of Columbia in the early 70s. The lawsuit was on the behalf of 7 disabled children who were denied access to a public school education because it was thought that their needs were too great for them to be able to be educated in a public school setting (it was also said by the Board that it would be too expensive to educate them).
