Carbon makes four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds, allowing carbon atoms to form multiple stable bonds with other small atoms, including hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. This allows carbon atoms to form a tremendous variety of very large and complex molecules.
I’m pretty sure it’s the 1st, 3rd, and 5th ones
Frost wedging - water expands about 9% after freezing this pushes against the rock and fractures or breaks it open.
thermal expansion - <span>is the tendency of matter to change in shape, area, and volume in response to a change in temperature.</span>
Euthrophication is caused by excess nutrient run off, such as nitrogen or phosphorus. A common chemical that generally cause euthrophication is fertilizers from farm, if there's heavy rainfall or floods, they're easily washed into the rivers and lakes to cause euthrophication.
Euthrophication generally cause a sudden large scale algao bloom, or other plants, and they may cover the whole surface of water. Once these plants die, decomposers such as bacteria decompose them and take in oxygen for respiration, such that animals from the river originally may die due to lack of oxygen.
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Bloodletting was proven to prevent illness and is widely used now.
