A ruler? I think that’s the answer
I believe that the general notation for your subtopics in an outline is B. capital letters.
Roman letters are used for topics, capital letters for subtopics, and the rest for supporting points.
The answer would be point of view
D, summary of information. A discovery is not accurate, because this is a research paper, meaning you are researching something that has already happened. B isn't correct, because recommendations are generally only used for persuasive writing. C isn't correct, because a deeper question in the ending wouldn't make sense, as you want to cover everything in the body. D is your correct choice, since you always want to summarize information at the end of a research paper.