Answer:
Endocytosis enables the cell to take in the bacteriaor fluid droplets from out side the cell and this is important for defense and nutrition respectively. Exocytosis is important for the cell to secrete products like hormones or enzymes to the outside so other body parts can make use of them like insulin and digestive enzymes from the pancreas.
Q1. The answer is: a dominant allele.
An allele that appears or expresses itself over a recessive trait is called a dominant allele. Alleles can be dominant or recessive. Dominant alleles are responsible for dominant traits and if two dominant alleles are found together, a dominant trait will be expressed. Similarly, if two recessive alleles are found together, a recessive trait will be expressed. However, if both recessive allele and dominant allele are found together, the recessive allele will be masked by the dominant allele and a dominant trait will be expressed.
Q2. The answer is: homozygous.
If an organism that has two of the same alleles for a trait it is said to be homozygous. If it has two dominant alleles, it is dominant homozygous. If it has two recessive alleles, it is recessive homozygous. If an organisms have two different alleles (one dominant and one recessive), it is said to be heterozygous.
Q3. The answer is: An allele is a single form of a gene inherited from one parent.
Genes are sequences of nucleotides, or parts of genetic information, that are responsible for different traits. Different forms of genes are called alleles. Each gene has two alleles - one inherited from a mother and another inherited from a father.
Q4. The answer is: heterozygous.
If a person has two different alleles for a certain trait like eye color we call that heterozygous. If a person has two same alleles for a certain trait, it is called homozygous. If both alleles are dominant, it is called dominant homozygous. If both alleles are recessive, it is called recessive homozygous. However, if two different alleles (one dominant and one recessive) are found together, it is called heterozygous.
Q5. The answer is: DNA
A gene is a small segment of DNA that codes for a certain trait. One of the organelles inside the cells is the nucleus. The genetic material of the cell is found inside the nucleus. It is in the form of chromosomes, a complex of DNA and proteins. Further, a small segment of DNA that codes for a certain trait is called a gene.
Q6. The answer is: 46.
Almost all human cells have 46 chromosomes. These cells are diploid which means that it has two sets of chromosomes. There are two pairs of 23 chromosomes, each one from each parent. Only gametes have 23 chromosomes. They are haploid and have only one set of chromosomes.
Q7. The answer is: 2 alleles.
Alleles are different forms of genes. Each gene has two alleles. One allele is inherited from a mother and one allele is inherited from a father. So, for each gene, offspring will receive two alleles, each one from each parent.
Q8. The answer is True.
Organisms get one allele for each trait from each parent. Alleles are different forms of genes. Each gene responsible for a certain trait has two alleles. One allele is inherited from a mother and another allele is inherited from a father.
Q9. The answer is: False!
Genotype is the actual gene makeup. On the other hand, phenotype is physical appearance of a genotype. So, genotype is the sum of all genes of an organism. Phenotype is observable characteristic of an organism and it is determined by genotype, but also by environmental factors.
Q10. The answer is: False!
A child having blonde hair is an example of phenotype. Genotype is the sum of all genes of an organism. If we talk about all genes responsible for the blonde hair, we would talk about genotype. But, here is an example of observable physical characteristic, such is the blond hair, so it is an example of phenotype.
Q12. The answer is: genotype.
Genotype is the sum of all genes of an organism. Phenotype is observable characteristic of an organism determined by its genotype. In this question, Rr represents genotype of the organism. On the other hand, the capability of rolling their tongue would be phenotype.
Q13. The answer is: heterozygous.
If an organism has two dominant alleles found together, it is dominant homozygous. The genetic combination is labelled with two capital letters: CC.
If an organism has two recessive alleles found together, it is dominant homozygous. The genetic combination is labelled with two small letters: cc.
If an organism has one dominant and one recessive allele, it is heterozygous. The genetic combination is labelled with one capital and one small letter: Cc.
Q14. The answer is: homozygous dominant
Dominant alleles are labelled with capital letters (for example, C). Recessive alleles are labelled with small letters (for example, c). Homozygous dominant organism has combination CC. Homozygous recessive organism has combination cc. Heterozygous organism has combination Cc.
Q15. The answer is: Homozygous recessive.
The genetic combination cc is an example of homozygous recessive. If the genetic combination was CC, it would be homozygous dominant. If the genetic combination was Cc, it would be heterozygous. This is because only dominant alleles are labelled with capital letters.
