The answer is limiting factors.
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Option C
This is an example of acquired mutation in which there is genetic transformation due to external factors such a change of temperature, pollution, radiation etc.
1. The Ring of Fire, also referred to as the Circum-Pacific Belt, is a path along the Pacific Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes. The majority of Earth's volcanoes and earthquakes take place along the Ring of Fire.
2. Crustal recycling is a tectonic process by which surface material from the lithosphere is recycled into the mantle by subduction erosion or delamination
3. Tectonic plate movement can create another supercontinent like Pangea if the plates move continents to the point of meeting together.
