1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Crank
3 years ago
15

Explain musclecontraction based on neuroelectrical factors, chemical interactions, and energy sources.

Medicine
1 answer:
USPshnik [31]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Neuroelectrical Factor

1. Potassium ions (K+) are greater inside the muscle cell than outside, whereas sodium ions (Na+) are greater outside than inside.

2. The inside of the cell is negatively charged electrically, whereas the outside is postively charged.

3. Nerve impulse reaching a neuromuscular junction causes axon endings to release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine

4. This makes the cell membrane permeable to Na+. They rush in creating an electrical potential. K+ begin to move out to try to restore the resting potential but cannot do so because so much Na+ rushes in.

5. This causes the muscle cell to generate its own impulse called the action potential, which penetrates deep into the muscle fiber via the T tubules

6. This action potential causes the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release Ca+ into the fluids surrounding the myofibrils

7. The Ca++ stops the action of the inhibitor substances troponin and tropomyosin (which kept actin and myosin apart), thus causing the contractile process to occur.

Chemical Factor

1. Ca++ combines loosely with myosin to form activated myosin

2. Activated myosin reacts with ATP, attached to the myosin, and releases energy from the ATP to form actomyosin

3. Myosin filaments have cross bridges that now connect with the actin and pull the actin filaments in among the myosin filaments

4. A sliding process occurs: the width of the A bands remain constant but Z lines move close. By now the sodium-potassium pump kicks in to restore the resting potential. Ca++ gets reabsorbed and contraction ceases

Energy Sources ATP

1. Glycolysis: glucose to pyruvic acid, net gain eight ATP if O2 present, if no O2 then lactic acid forms with net gain of two ATP.

2. Krebs citric acid cycle: pyruvic to CO2 + H2O + 30 ATP (28 ATP + 2 GTP)

3. Phosphocreatine in muscle cells: phosphocreatine --- creatine + PO4 ---ATP

4. Free fatty acids: fatty acids --- CO2 + H2O + ATP

Explanation:

You might be interested in
a nursing student is preparing to take an exam and is experiencing anxiety as a heightened sense of awareness. which level of an
DanielleElmas [232]

A nursing student is preparing to take an exam and is experiencing anxiety as a heightened sense of awareness. which level of anxiety would this correspond with mild.

<h3>What is anxiety?</h3>

Intense, overbearing, and persistent anxiety and fear about ordinary events. Sweating, a quick heartbeat, rapid breathing, and fatigue may happen.

In challenging circumstances like giving a public speech or taking a test, anxiety can be common. When feelings of anxiety become excessive, overwhelming, and interfere with daily life, they are only a sign of an underlying disease.

Anxiety disorders are frequently brought on by challenging events in childhood, adolescence, or adulthood. It is likely to have a particularly large impact if you experience stress and trauma when you are very young. Things like physical or emotional abuse are examples of experiences that can cause anxiety issues.

To learn more about anxiety visit:

brainly.com/question/27496797

#SPJ4

3 0
1 year ago
Exercise training induces beneficial adaptations according to the systems and structures that are stressed during activity. Plea
Dovator [93]

Explanation:

Anaerobic Resistance Training: In this training high intensity, intermittent bouts of exerciese sare done wgich include weight training, interval training, speed, agility, and plyometric drills.

Aerobic Exercise Training: It is physical exercise in which exercises are done from low to high intensity which further depends on the aerobic energy-generating process.

following items would be altered following a lengthy training program are as follwoing:

  1. Myofibril size and number - Increase with Anaerobic Resistance Training
  2. Lactic acid processing -  Increase with Anaerobic Resistance Training
  3. Muscular density of blood capillaries  -  Increase with Anaerobic Resistance Training
  4. Blood volume and red blood cell count  - Increase with Aerobic Exercise Training  
  5. Long-term fatigue resistance  - Increase with Aerobic Exercise Training
  6. Muscle size  - Increase with Aerobic Exercise Training
  7. Mitochondrial density -  Increase with Aerobic Exercise Training
8 0
3 years ago
Osteoporosis affects which body system?
777dan777 [17]
Osteoporosis affects the a) skeletal body system
8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Which type of drug binds to glucocorticoid receptors to stop cells from making an inflammatory response?
lina2011 [118]

Corticosteroids drugs

Explanation:

drug names include

beclomethasone. betamethasone. budesonide. cortisone. dexamethasone. hydrocortisone. methylprednisolone. prednisolone.

5 0
3 years ago
A key symptom of REM sleep behavior disorder is attacks of catalepsy. a. a depressed mood upon awakening. b. the occurrence of m
MrMuchimi

Answer:

A key Symptom of REM sleep disorder is (b) the occurnace of motor movements during slow-wave sleep.

Explanation:

Lots of movements can occur such as kicking, punching or jumping off the bed.

7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Other questions:
  • YOU'RE INVITED!
    12·1 answer
  • This endocrine portion of this organ secretes buffers and digestive enzymes through its suct to the duodenum:
    6·1 answer
  • The membrane surrounding a bone is the ___________.
    12·2 answers
  • Is it good for dogs to eat pork?
    15·2 answers
  • Using so-called reasons (usually not true) to encourage you to try something. Examples: “It won’t hurt you.” “Your parents will
    7·1 answer
  • A high dietary intake of protein will also increase an athlete's need for: Low glycemic foods Fluid Fat Essential amino acids
    6·1 answer
  • A group of occupational-related lung diseases characterized by inflammation, infection, and bronchitis, caused by inhaling subst
    5·1 answer
  • The implementation of nutritional counseling for pregnant women best represents which public health strategy
    14·1 answer
  • The nurse wants to discuss the biotransformation reaction to a student. what is the best explanation by the nurse?
    13·1 answer
  • holly had her 6-month immunizations 21 days ago. could her fever be explained by an adverse reaction to one of her vaccines? qui
    5·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!