Egypt has a mixed economic system which includes a variety of private freedom, combined with centralized economic planning and government regulation. Egypt is a member of the League of Arab States (Arab League) and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) Economic activity appears to have improved somewhat in recent months, following a 1.7% year-on-year contraction in Q2 (Q1: +5.0% yoy). PMI data for September indicated the first overall increase in non-oil private sector activity in 14 months, driven by an uptick in consumer demand.
