The frequencies of R is 0.75 and the frequencies for R' is 0.25.
Explanation:
Data given:
Genotype frequency of incomplete dominance on flower colour of snapdragon:
RR = red 0.5625
RR' = Pink 0.375
R'R' = 0.0625
frequency of R and R'=?
According to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium the genetic variation in a given population is constant from one generation to other if no factors causing evolution or genetic drift is there. So,
+ 
+ 2pq = 1
The p represents = homozygous dominant RR
q represents = homozygous recessive R'R'
2pq = frequency of heterpzygous genotype RR'
= 0.5625
p = 0.75 (frequency of R)
= 0.0625
q = 0.25 (Frequency of R')
Their sum is 1 as according to Hardy Weinberg condition:
p+q = 1
ATP is made in the Mitochondria
Meiosis I creates 2 diploid cells and meiosis II creates 4 haploid cells.
To put it simply, ionic bonds form when one atom transfers an electron to another atom. The atom that gains an electron becomes a negative ion while the atom that loses an electron becomes a positive ion. Covalent bonds form when two atoms share electrons. A hydrogen bond is when you have a negatively charged O, N, or F atom in one molecule, a positively charged H atom latched on to an O, N or F atom in another molecule. An example of a hydrogen bond is water.
Sister chromatids are exact copies of each other just prior to cell division.
I hope that helps！
