23 is less than 25 which means it's closer to 20, so you would round it down to 20. 1.75 is over 0.50, 1/2, so you would round it up to 2. If you multiply 2 and 20 you would get 40.
Number two gets the same explanation just with different numbers.
For example, the probability of an outcome of heads on the toss of a fair coin is ½ or 0.5. The probability of an event can also be expressed as a percentage (e.g., an outcome of heads on the toss of a fair coin is 50% likely) or as odds (e.g., the odds of heads on the toss of a fair coin is 1:1).
There are 12 thousands, so we put that in the thousands place
12,000
now add it to 12 in the thousandths place
0.012
12,000.012
