For him they were just discrete physical units of inheritance. Johanson coined the term "gene" and people started calling them genes. Today for us these factors are parts of DNA, the base sequences that carry the biological information to determine a trait. Mendel factors are alleles of genes.
Question 13 should be marine
Here is a website that has a lot of info on Galapagos Island and it’s history, etc.
https://www.galapagosislands.com/nature/geography/geology.html
