Question

Plants participate in both short- and long-distance signaling. Explain how nerve cells show these two functions, as well. (3 points)
Nerve cells release chemical signals into synapses between them (short distance). They also transverse their lengths with an electrical signal that can result in signal travel along a series of cells (long distance).


Nerve cells release hormones into the synapses between them (short distance). These hormones can also transverse the bloodstream (long distance).


Nerve cells release neurotransmitters into gap junctions between them (short distance). They also use electrochemical gradients that can travel the length of each cell quickly, along a network of cells (long distance).


Nerve cells use plasmodesmata to communicate between them individually (short distance). They also use ion-gated channels to create an electrochemical signal that can be propagated over long distances in their network (long distance).

Answer 1

Answer:

Nerve cells release chemical signals into synapses between them (short distance). They also transverse their lengths with an electrical signal that can result in signal travel along a series of cells (long distance).

Explanation:

Nerve cells release neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft which are capable of affecting nearby cells such as other nerve cells and muscle cells. Neurotransmitter molecules include, among others, serotonin, acetylcholine, dopamine, norepinephrine and histamine. Moreover, the synaptic cleft is the space that separates a neuron cell and its target cell. On the other hand, neurons transmit signals through electrical impulses. Electrical impulses travel long distances in the body carried by axons of the nerves. Thus, nerve impulses connect the brain and spinal cord and they carry signals to different parts of the body.