4 fiction to 1 nonfiction
(4 x 7 = 28) fiction to (1 x 7 = 7) nonfiction
Therefore, the required ratio is 28 to 7
I don't know if this is right but 0.125
Answer: The answer is given below.
Step-by-step explanation: We are given an equality involving logarithm and we are to show the implication of L.H.S. to R.H.S.
We will be using the following two properties of logarithm:

The proof is as follows:

Hence proved.
297/11 = 27
So we have 27 groups of 11 students. If there are 2 chaperones for every 11 students, then we can do:
27x2=54
There are 54 chaperones on the field trip.
Yes, 8 is a solution
r - 3 ≤ 9; r = 8
plug in 8 to r
(8) - 3 ≤ 9
5 ≤ 9 (true)
hope this helps