The main idea of this paragraph is the third option , "<em>was marked by frequent and short-term climate shifts.". </em>There is textual evidence to support his idea along the paragraph. For example where it says: cycles of intensely cold winters and easterly winds, then switched abruptly to years of heavy spring and early summer rains. There is also evidence in the following quote " Little Ice Age was an endless zigzag of climatic shifts, few lasting more than a quarter century." here the author is telling us that the changes took place rapidly, and the processes were fast changing.
Option 1 is not correct because throughout the text there is no example of any prolonged cooling period. On the contrary, there is evidence of abrupt temperature changes.
Option 2 in not correct either because even though the Cro-Magnon period is mentioned, it only refers to our supposed imaginary image of the "Ice Age". it is used to show opposition to what the text really is describing later on.
Option 4 is mentioned at some point in the passage, mainly in the introduction, but "The interactions between the atmosphere and the ocean" is not what the text is about. In consequence, it is not a correct answer either. It explains the possible origins of these interactions . The examples provided along the paragraph describe the changes in temperatures and their frequency, not the causes. So this option would also be wrong.
D, it is the author's belief.
I’ll try my best to explain.
So what you Copy and pasted is basically talking about how to order and basically summarize your text. If you haven’t already, I suggest re-reading through the text you were given to and do the steps. For example I’lll take the ”Describe the setting of your novel or short story“ So what you would do after you read the text is look for clues. Like ”What is this setting? Where does it take place at?” So if your text says that for example “Y/N Was in a nice field with a cool breeze“ You could say that y/n was in a field with a cool breeze blowing on him/her! And if you wanted to describe a conflict, you would have to describe the war,battle,or fight in the story. So for example: “Y/N Was fighting against the soviet union in 1912” That’s a conflict. A Conflict revolves around a fight. So you would describe the conflict by saying “The conflict was when Y/N was fighting against enemies in the cold winter of 1912” and explain why she was. Hope this kinda helped!
B) forty - one is the correct one
