The answer:
The Normans are an ethnic group that arose from contact between Norse Viking settlers of a region in France
G was first measured by henry cavendish, the newspaper report it as the weighing of the earth experiment. because when henry cavendish measured the value of G, this allows physicist to calculate the mass of the earth using the newton's law of gravitation.
3- There were southern republicans (known as scalwag) who incorperated former dems, northern migraters (carpetbaggers) and freed black slaves (freedman), there was aslo the Democrats (most predominent) and indepentant party.
They wanted shorter working days (such as 8 hour days for example)