Answers:
1. Political: A governor is the leader of this type of region.
This sentence can be qualified as "political" because a governor is an elected official who is the head of a head of a political unit.
2. Physical: Australia is an island nation.
This sentece refers to the physical characterisics of Australia.
3. Economic: Trade zones are part of this region.
This phrase refers to economics because trade zones are a key part of any country's economic system.
4. Cultural
: Most people here are of European descent.
One of the most important part of people's culture is their origin and heritage, therefore this can be marked as a cultural statement.
5. Climate: A short growing season limits crop growth.
This sentence deals with different events that are related with changes in climate.