A) Colonists began challenging the authority of existing religious establishments.
He confirmed the papacy in possession of Ravenna and the Pentapolis, the so-called Donation of Pepin, whereby the Papal States were established and the temporal reign of the papacy officially began.
Sharecroppers were free people and slaves weren't. Slaves didn't "rent" a piece of someone's land and work on it. They were forced to work on land since they were owned by the land owner.
