A company’s book value increases when a company retains its net income. a) true b) false

What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of a) individuals as innovators, b) firms as innovators, c) universities as in

ch4aika [34]

Answer:

a. Individuals as innovators

Advantages

1. Individuals have no limits (no hard rules) as to whom they can sell their innovation to.

2. An individual can be able lead a successful career with their innovation is any company

Disadvantages

1. Capital is a major limit for most individuals who may not be able to market their innovations.

2. Lack of Knowledge in Patenting innovation ideas have led to most individuals losing their innovation to others.

b. firms as innovators

Advantages

1. Successful innovation can help a firm improve its processes and increase its revenues.

2. Innovation in a unique product can often lead a firm to monopoly as the product becomes a necessity

Disadvantages

1. Firms have more rivalry such that others can copy the innovation or produce another close substitute which can render all efforts to a loss.

2.It takes so much time for the innovation to be approved in a firm as some structures of authority have to be followed and also depending on the culture of the firm towards innovation.

c. universities as innovators

Advantages

1. Universities are better able to raise capital through the Research Funds granted to them by stakeholders.

2. Innovation increases a University`s reputation and improves it rankings.

Disadvantages

1. High dependence on government agencies for funding by Universities means Innovation successes are easily affected by the fiscus.

2. Universities are not effective at marketing Innovations on their own.

d. government institutions as innovators

Advantages

1. The government can increase revenue by improving processes and cutting costs.

2. Innovation can improve transparency and help improve governance and administration.

Disadvantages

1. Adoption of innovation is usually slow as it has to pass so much bureaucracy.

2. Most personnel prefer working in private institutions hence the personnel to drive innovation in governments may be unavailable or inadequate

e. nonprofit organizations as innovators

Advantages

1. There is so much option for funding of innovations ranging from Individuals, Companies and Government

2. Most innovations are driven by Human Need hence their increased success.

Disadvantages

1. The innovation may not be able to generate the revenue to cover the costs.

2. The organizations are usually lacking personal's to drive innovations as people prefer to be paid more for their work.

Explanation:

Innovation is defined as the creation, development and implementation of a new product, process or service. The aim of innovation is to improve efficiency, effectiveness or competitive advantage. Innovation presents advantages and disadvantages to various players as listed above.

6 0

3 years ago

To be classified as unemployed, a person must be:

Alik [6]

Unemployed means Unemployed so i'd go with the first option. But i'm not sure so i'd wait for another answer

4 0

3 years ago

John is considering purchasing a commercial building. His accountant is working with him to determine the property’s value to Jo

AnnyKZ [126]

Answer:

Adjusted basis

Explanation:

Adjusted basis in accounting is used to calculate the net value of an asset. This is done by reducing depreciation deductions from the original value and adding capital expenses like cost of improvement.

This method is best used when there is need to get accurate gain and loss records, and for tax purposes.

In the given scenario John's accountant is using the adjusted basis when he calculates initial cost of an investment property plus the cost of any additional improvements less qualified deductions

4 0

4 years ago

Beginning three months from now, you want to be able to withdraw $2,800 each quarter from your bank account to cover college exp

mr Goodwill [35]

Answer:

You will need to have $ 55,006.94

Explanation:

We need first to consider the following details according to the problem

We have a Annuity amount of $ 2900, a Rate(r)= 0.51%, and a Time(n)= 5 years (or 20 quarters ) .

To reach to the money that we would need to have in the bank today to meet the expense over the next four years we use the following formula:

PVA= annuity amount × [1 - (1 / (1 + r)n)] / r

PVA= $ 2900 x[ 1-{ 1/(1+0.0051)20)]/0.0051

PVA= $ 55,006.94

4 0

4 years ago

Beagle Corporation has 26,000 shares of $10 par common stock outstanding and 16,000 shares of $100 par, 5.50% cumulative, nonpar

lilavasa [31]

Answer:

$16.5 per share; $6 per share

Explanation:

Calculation to determine the dividends per share payable to preferred and common, respectively

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE PAYABLE TO PREFERRED

First step

Total dividend paid to Preferred Stockholders

= Outstanding preferred stock × Par value of preferred stock × 5.50% × Number of years

Total dividend paid to Preferred Stockholders= 16000 × 100 × 5.50% × 3

Total dividend paid to Preferred Stockholders= $264,000

Second step

Total dividend per share paid to Preferred Stockholders= Total dividend paid to preferred ÷ No. of outstanding shares

Total dividend per share paid to Preferred Stockholders= $264,000 ÷ 16,000 shares

Total dividend per share paid to Preferred Stockholders= $16.5 per share

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE PAYABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS

First step

Total dividend paid to Preferred Stockholders

= Outstanding preferred stock × Par value of preferred stock × 5.50% × Number of years

Total dividend paid to Preferred Stockholders= 16000 × 100 × 5.50% × 3

Total dividend paid to Preferred Stockholders= $264,000

Second step

Total dividend per share paid to common Stockholders= (Dividend paid in the current year - Total dividend paid to preferred) ÷ Common stock outstanding shares

Total dividend per share paid to common Stockholders= ($420,000 - $264,000) ÷ 26,000

Total dividend per share paid to common Stockholders= $156,000 ÷ 26,000 shares

Total dividend per share paid to common Stockholders= 6 per share

Therefore the dividends per share payable to preferred and common, respectively is:

$16.5 per share; $6 per share

3 0

3 years ago