Scientists first discovered chromosomes in the nineteenth century, when they were gazing at cells through light microscopes. But how did they figure out what chromosomes do? And how did they link chromosomes — and the specific genes within them — to the concept of inheritance? After a long period of observational studies through microscopes, several experiments with fruit flies provided the first evidence.
What is a gene?
Physically, a gene is a segment (or segments) of a chromosome. Functionally, a gene can play many different roles within a cell. Today, most scientists agree that genes correspond to one or more DNA sequences that carry the coding information required to produce a specific protein, and that protein in turn carries out a particular function within the cell. Scientists also know that the DNA that makes up genes is packed into structures called chromosomes, and that somatic cells contain twice as many chromosomes as gametes (i.e., sperm and egg cells).
But what were the key scientific discoveries that helped establish these principles? As it turns out, the connections between genes, chromosomes, DNA, and heredity were not recognized until long after researchers caught their initial glimpse of chromosomes. The following sections present an abbreviated summary of the major discoveries that revealed these connections.
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Answer:
The fact that only cells are able to produce more cells is part of cell theory. The idea that organisms can develop independently of cells is called spontaneous generation, and it isn't supported by cell theory. Spontaneous generation suggests that living organisms develop from non-living matter.
Part A: DNA has A paired with T for RNA has U paired with T and DNA stays in the nucleus while RNA goes to get translated into amino acids (proteins).
Part B: AUG-GCG-AAC-UGU
Part C: The newly synthesized protein as a result will have a different structure and function
Answer: usally genetic material is the "coding" for a organism. It tells the organism how to complete basic needs.
Explanation:
D.) all the above i think i’m not sure so im sorry if not but hope i helped
