What is the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures?

1 answer:

4 0

Homogeneous has the same proportion of its own components throughout in any given samples while heterogeneous has components in which proportion aren’t the same they are vary throughout the sample

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How to answer this ?

nadezda [96]

You multiply (4×10)by*

6 0

3 years ago

Consider the formation of [Ni(en)3]2+ from [Ni(H2O)6]2+. The stepwise ΔG∘ values at 298 K are ΔG∘1 for first step=−42.9 kJ⋅mol−1

timurjin [86]

Answer:

kf = 1.16 x 10¹⁸

Explanation:

Step 1: [Ni(H₂O)₆]²⁺ + 1en → [Ni(H₂O)₄(en)]²⁺ ΔG°1 = -42.9 kJmol⁻¹

Step 2: [Ni(H₂O)₄(en)]²⁺ + 1en → [Ni(H₂O)₂(en)₂]²⁺ ΔG°2 = -35.8 kJmol⁻¹

Step 3: [Ni(H₂O)₂(en)₂]²⁺ + 1en → [Ni(en)₃]²⁺ ΔG°3 = -24.3 kJmol⁻¹

________________________________________________________

Overall reaction: [Ni(H₂O)₆]²⁺ + 3en → [Ni(en)₃]²⁺ ΔG°r

ΔG°r = ΔG°1 + ΔG°2 + ΔG°3

ΔG°r = -42.9 - 35.8 - 24.3

ΔG°r = -103.0 kJmol⁻¹

ΔG°r = -RTlnKf

-103,000 Jmol⁻¹ = - 8.31 J.K⁻¹mol⁻¹ x 298 K x lnKf

kf = e ^(-103,000/-8.31x298)

kf = e ^41.59

kf = 1.16 x 10¹⁸

7 0

3 years ago

In each reaction box place the best reagent and conditions from the list below benzene 3 boxes

den301095 [7]

Answer : The correct answer is 1) AlCl₃ - CH₃Cl 2) HNO₃ -H₂SO₄ at room temperature 3) Fuming HNO₃ -H₂SO₄ at 90-100 ⁰ C heat .

I think this reaction is forming 2,4,6- trinitrotoluene from benzene, since the product is not mentioned. Following are the steps to convert Benzene to 2,4,6 trinitrotoluene .

Step 1: Conversion of Benzene to Toluene .

Benzene can be converted to toluene by Friedel Craft Alkylation of benzene . In this reaction reagent AlCl₃ and Ch3Cl is used . Electrophile CH³⁺ is produced which attached on carbon of benzene and formation of Toluene and HCl occur.

$Benzene \frac{AlCl3}{Ch3Cl}> Toulene + HCl$

Step 2 : Conversion of Toluene to dinitrotoluene.

Dinitritoluene is prepared from toluene by Nitration . This reaction uses Electrophilic substitution mechanism . The reagents used are HNO₃ and H₂SO₄ at room temperature . These reagents produces NO₂⁺ ( nitronium ion ), a electrophile which attacks on C2 and C4 Carbon atoms of Toluene.

Toluene $Tolune \frac{HNO3 -H2SO4}{30-40 degree C} -> 2,4- dinitrotoluene$

Step 3) Conversion of Dinitro toluene to trinitrotoluene.

This reaction is extended nitration of toluene . Further nitration is done in extreme condition . The temperature of reaction is increased to 90- 100 ⁰ C . Due to which there is more production of NO²⁺ ion occurs from HNO₃ -H₂SO₄ and they attack on C6 carbon atom of dinitrotoluene which forms 2,4,6- trinitrotoluene.

Dinitrotoluene $2,4 -dinitrotoluene \frac{fuming HNO3-H2So4}{90-100 C} -> 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene.$

So over all reaction uses three reagents in order :

$Benzene \frac{AlCl3}{CH3Cl} -> Toluene \frac{HNO3-H2So4}{room temp} -> 2,4-dinitrotoluene \frac{Fuming HNO3 -H2SO4}{Heating at 90-100 C} -> 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene .$