The student who caught the cold caused by this specific Rhinovirus was exposed to the exact same Rhinovirus 18 months later. Memory B cells of the immune system will protect her from getting the same cold again.
In immunology, a memory B cell (MBC) is a type of B lymphocyte that forms part of the adaptive immune system. These cells develop within germinal centres of the secondary lymphoid organs.
Memory B cells circulate in the blood stream in a quiescent state, sometimes for decades. Their function is to memorize the characteristics of the antigen that activated their parent B cell during initial infection such that if the memory B cell later encounters the same antigen, it triggers an accelerated and robust secondary immune response.
Memory B cells have B cell receptors (BCRs) on their cell membrane, identical to the one on their parent cell, that allow them to recognize antigen and mount a specific antibody response.
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Answer:
An ecosystem is biotic, not abiotic.
Explanation:
First, an ecosystem is a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. Second biotic factors are nonliving things whereas biotic factors are living things in an ecosystem you have your producers or plants which then will be consumed by the primary consumers. With the primary consumers feeding the next group of consumers and then the next and then after they die they fertilize the ground allowing the producers to grow as it completes the circle of life.
<span>The reason behind the lipids which are able to function as protective barriers in cells is that lipids do not dissolve in water.
If lipids dissolve in water, they will not be able to function as protective barriers in cells. N</span><span>ucleic acids, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates are the four types of macro-molecules in the cell.</span>
