The Catholic Church has taught that the sacraments were given to the church as a way for God, through the Church, to convey his grace and power to those who took part in the sacraments ... and that this grace and power from God then enables those who receive the sacraments to do works pleasing to God.
The Catechism of the Council of Trent, published in 1566, described the seven sacraments of the Church as "the sacraments of the New Law instituted by Jesus Christ." The catechism also affirmed that these actions "conferred grace through the act performed."
Under current definition by the United States Council of Catholic Bishops, "through the Sacraments, God shares his holiness with us so that we, in turn, can make the world holier."
The seven sacraments of the Catholic Church are:
- Baptism
- Eucharist (the Mass)
- Reconciliation (formerly called Penance)
- Confirmation
- Anointing of the Sick (formerly referred to as Last Rites or Extreme Unction)
- Marriage
- Ordination
Note that an individual can participate in six, not seven, of the sacraments, because those ordained into clergy roles are expected to remain celibate and unmarried.
The first major slave revolt in the south was led by a twenty-four year old slave named Gabriel Prosser
The three countries that colonized North America are Spain, France, and England. Spain took the lead after Columbus's voyages, and established itself in the Caribbean and Mesoamerica (Mexico and Central America). It had a very deliberate policy of conquest, with the goal of establishing colonies and extracting natural resources (especially gold and silver). It also sought to evangelize Native American peoples as a way of legitimazing its rule. France and England had a much more hands-off approach. The French established trade colonies in Canada and along the Mississippi, and became heavily involved in the fur trade. The English did not have an "official" policy, which left colonization to private initiatives; it also became a sort of release valve for social tensions, as in the case of the Puritans and other religious minorities that abandoned England for the New World.
Map projections include latitude and longitude coordinates that specify positions in a spherical grid, known as graticule.
